Thoothukudi city Municipal Corporation is a port town situated in the Gulf of Mannar region at longitude 78o13E and latitude 8o45N at an average elevation of 2.0m above Mean Sea Level (MSL) About 125km North of Cape Commorin and 540 km south of Chennai .
Thoothukudi City Municipal Corporation has registered a population of 3,20,466 in 2001 and 3,72,408 as per 2011 census. The growth rate shows an increase of 16 percentage. Thoothukudi City Municipal Corporation is formed by annexing 5 nearby Panchayats to Thoothukudi Municipality there exists water supply distribution system in Municipal area and Panchayat area . Only erstwhile municipal area has house service connection facilities. The other merged Panchayats area have water supply service only through public street fountains. At present the quantity of water supply supplied to this corporation does not meet the demand fully. Hence, this project is for the augmentation of the existing system for meeting the per capita water demand of 135 liters up to 2044 and that through the house service connections in the entire Corporation area. The study area Thoothukudi City Municipal Corporation consist of erstwhile Thoothukudi Municipality and five surrounding Panchayats Declared vide G.O.(Ms) No.13 Dt.29.7.2008 which is shown below in the table.
| Sl.NO | Study Town | Total area Sq.KM | Total Wards | Total Length of Street (KM) | Population as per 2011 |
| 1 | Thoothukudi existing town | 13.47 | 51 | 254.990 | 239015 |
| 2 | Thoothukudi Rural | 1.29 | 4 | 20.624 | 14484 |
| 3 | Meelavitan Panchayat | 32.00 | 5 | 167.823 | 37666 |
| 4 | Muthiapuram Panchayat | 25.98 | 5 | 67.563 | 40899 |
| 5 | Athimarapatti Panchayat | 5.88 | 5 | 13.595 | 24019 |
| 6 | Sankaraperi Panchayat | 12.04 | 5 | 83.260 | 14813 |
| Total | 90.66 | 73 | 607.855 | 376439 |
LINKAGES AND CONNECTIVITY :
It is served by three main roads which radiate to Madurai, Tiruchendur and Tirunelveli. The town is also well connected by the National Highways NH-7A to Tirunelveli , which it turn connects to NH- 7 ( Kanyakumari to Varanasi ). The town is also linked with Mannar Sea.
The town is well connected by rail to other parts of the country with linkage to the Harbour. The total length of NH covered in this Corporation is 21 km and the length of SH is about 31.73 km.
TOPOGRAPHY :
The town is located at the longitude 78013 and latitude 8045N . The topography of the town is almost flat Terrain sloping from west to east direction towards the sea.
CLIMATE :
The maximum temperature during summer is 39 degree C and during winter it is 32 degree C.Monsoon in Thoothukudi is normally characterized by heavy rains and thunderstorms.
